While manikins are useful tools for medical training, they have some limitations that should not be overlooked. Below is a detailed breakdown of these drawbacks:

l Lack of Human Interaction: Manikins lack the emotional responses and expressions of real patients, limiting trainees' ability to develop empathy, emotional intelligence, and communication skills in these settings. Manikins, unlike real patients, do not respond dynamically to interventions or unexpected situations, which limits trainees' development of critical thinking and adaptability.

l Limited Complexity: Even advanced manikins may not fully replicate the complexities of human anatomy, physiology, and individual differences, potentially resulting in discrepancies when translating skills to real patients. Manikins cannot fully simulate the unpredictable challenges and complications that real-world clinical situations present.

l Overemphasis on Technical Skills: Manikin-based training may prioritize technical skill execution over communication, interpersonal skills, and ethical considerations in patient care. Overreliance on technical perfection through manikins may raise ethical concerns about putting technique ahead of patient well-being and holistic care.

It's important to remember that manikins aren't a substitute for real-world clinical experience. Their role is to supplement, not replace, patient interactions by providing a safe and controlled setting for skill development and practice. Understanding manikins' limitations and strategically using them allows us to maximize their benefits while also ensuring trainees are well-prepared for the complexities of real-world medical practice.